Painlevé I limit conjecture for the rescaled tau-function near the critical surface

About 1 year old · traced to

The critical surface is parameterized by

{(t1(ς,η),t2±(ς,η),t5(ς,η)∣η∈R⁡, ς>max⁡{53η,0}},\left\{(t_1(\varsigma,\eta),t_2^{\pm}(\varsigma,\eta),t_5(\varsigma,\eta)\mid \eta\in \operatorname{\mathbb{R}},\ \varsigma > \max\left\{\frac{5}{3}\eta,0\right\}\right\},

with

t1(ς,η)=−512ς(5η−9ης+3ς2),t2±(ς,η)=±2ς12(5η−3ς)2,t5(ς,η)=η.t_1(\varsigma,\eta) = -\frac{5}{12}\varsigma\left(5\eta-9\eta\varsigma+3\varsigma^2\right),\qquad t_2^{\pm}(\varsigma,\eta) = \pm\frac{\sqrt{2\varsigma}}{12}(5\eta-3\varsigma)^2,\qquad t_5(\varsigma,\eta) = \eta.

Let P0=⟨t1(0),t2±(0),t5(0)⟩P_0 = \langle t_1^{(0)},t_2^{\pm (0)},t_5^{(0)}\rangle be a point on this surface, and let u=⟨u1,u2,u5⟩{\bf u} = \langle u_1,u_2,u_5\rangle be a unit vector based at P0P_0 lying in the region DD below the tangent plane of the critical surface. Define

X1(x∣T):=T6t1(0)+CT2/5u1x,X2(x∣T):=T5t2±(0)+CT−3/5u2x,X5(x∣T):=T2t5(0)+CT−18/5u5x.X_1(x|T):= T^6 t_1^{(0)} + C T^{2/5}u_1 x,\qquad X_2(x|T):= T^5 t_2^{\pm (0)} + C T^{-3/5}u_2 x,\qquad X_5(x|T):= T^2 t_5^{(0)} + C T^{-18/5}u_5 x.

Painlevé I limit conjecture. There exists a choice of constant C=C(P0,u)>0C = C(P_0,{\bf u})>0 and a polynomial Q(t1,t2,t5)Q(t_1,t_2,t_5) such that, defining τ^0:=eQ\hat{\tau}_0:= e^{Q}, considered as a differential in xx,

lim⁡T→∞dlog⁡τ(X5(x∣T),X2(x∣T),X1(x∣T))τ^0(X5(x∣T),X2(x∣T),X1(x∣T))=−H(x)dx,\lim_{T\to \infty} {\bf d} \log \frac{\tau(X_5(x|T),X_2(x|T),X_1(x|T))}{\hat{\tau}_0(X_5(x|T),X_2(x|T),X_1(x|T))} = -\mathcal{H}(x)dx,

where H(x)\mathcal{H}(x) is the Painlevé I Hamiltonian. This asserts that a broad class of limits of the tau-function near the critical surface is governed by the Painlevé I Hamiltonian; the source provides no resolution status for this conjectural claim.

References

Primary source

Nathan Hayford, “Asymptotic Properties of a Special Solution to the (3,4) String Equation”, arXiv:2507.22646 (2025).

Progress summary

Never refreshed

Nothing recorded yet. Refresh searches the literature and the public web for attempts on this problem, and writes the first summary here.

Solutions 0

No solutions have been posted yet.