The barcode-process universality conjecture in the waterfall region

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Let (t,x)(\mathsf{t},\mathsf{x}) be a macroscopic point in the waterfall region W\mathcal{W}, and let qq and κ\kappa be the model parameters. Let Kbarcode(s,t)\mathcal{K}^{\mathrm{barcode}}(s,t) be the symmetric kernel described by the limiting regularized series, and let N<T\mathsf{N}<\mathsf{T} denote the condition that the waterfall phase is present. Barcode-process universality conjecture. Around any macroscopic point (t,x)∈W(\mathsf{t},\mathsf{x})\in\mathcal{W}, the random configuration of square lozenges on a horizontal slice converges to a determinantal barcode process on Z\mathbb{Z} with correlation kernel Kbarcode(s,t)\mathcal{K}^{\mathrm{barcode}}(s,t). This process depends only on qq and κ\kappa, is 2×22\times2 block Toeplitz, satisfies Kbarcode(0,0)=1−Kbarcode(1,1)\mathcal{K}^{\mathrm{barcode}}(0,0)=1-\mathcal{K}^{\mathrm{barcode}}(1,1), has global density 1/21/2, and is invariant under even but not odd shifts. The conjecture describes universal local statistics throughout the waterfall phase, independently of the hexagon geometry and macroscopic location; the existence and properties of the limiting kernel are supported by numerical and simulation evidence but are not established rigorously.

References

Primary source

Alisa Knizel and Leonid Petrov, “Random Lozenge Waterfall: Dimensional Collapse of Gibbs Measures”, arXiv:2507.22011 (2025).

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