The rhombic period-lattice conjecture for trigonal curves

Let V\mathcal{V} be a trigonal curve whose finite branch points {(ei,di)}\{(e_i,d_i)\} are real or occur in complex-conjugate pairs. Let ω\omega and η\eta be its period matrices, let ϰ\varkappa be the associated matrix, and let ωj\omega'_j denote the relevant period vectors. The rhombic period-lattice conjecture. The period matrices ω\omega and η\eta can be chosen purely imaginary, ϰ\varkappa is real, and the period lattice is formed by rhombic sublattices, with

Imωj spanned by 12Imωk,k1,g,j1,g.\operatorname{Im}\omega'_j \text{ spanned by } \frac{1}{2}\operatorname{Im}\omega_k,\qquad k\in\overline{1,g},\quad j\in\overline{1,g}.

This conjecture gives the period and reality structure underlying the real finite-gap solutions of the Boussinesq hierarchy; its resolution is not specified in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Julia Bernatska and Taras Skrypnyk, “Algebro-geometric integration of the Boussinesq hierarchy”, arXiv:2507.19179 (2025).

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