Backwards uniqueness conjecture past singularities for mean curvature flow in R^3

Let MiR3M^i\subset\mathbb{R}^3, i=1,2i=1,2, be two smooth, connected, compact hypersurfaces in R3\mathbb{R}^3. Denote by MtiM^i_t the outermost mean curvature flows emanating from MiM^i. Suppose that t0t_0 is strictly prior to the extinction time of Mt1M^1_t and that Mt01=Mt02M^1_{t_0}=M^2_{t_0}. Backwards uniqueness conjecture. Then

Mt1Mt2,t[0,t0].M^1_t\equiv M^2_t,\qquad \forall t\in[0,t_0].

This conjecture asks whether outermost weak mean curvature flows are uniquely determined backwards from a common time before extinction, even when the flows may have passed through singularities. The paper's results substantiate the conjecture for asymptotically conical singularities, while the general question, including cylindrical singularities, remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

J. M. Daniels-Holgate and Or Hershkovits, “Backwards uniqueness for Mean curvature flow with asymptotically conical singularities”, arXiv:2507.16805 (2026).

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