Asymptotic normality criterion for H-linear and H-circular genus distributions

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Let HH be a graph with a self-gluing d711:U1U2d711: U_1 \to U_2, and let KK be a valid minimal cut for this self-gluing. Construct the swapping (H,ψ)=Sw(H,d711,K)(H',\psi)=\operatorname{Sw}(H,d711,K) by cutting the edges of KK, gluing U1U_1 to U2U_2 according to d711d711, and pairing the resulting boundary vertices by ψ\psi. Let G(H,d711)\mathcal{G}(H,d711) and G(H,d711)\mathcal{G}^{\circ}(H,d711) denote the associated HH-linear and HH-circular families. Asymptotic normality conjecture. If the swapping (H,ψ)=Sw(H,d711,K)(H',\psi)=\operatorname{Sw}(H,d711,K) has two cycles C1C_1 and C2C_2 sharing at least one vertex, then the genus distributions of both families are asymptotically normal. The criterion is proposed as a sufficient condition because general asymptotic normality is difficult to establish when the relevant linear operator is not irreducible; the source gives no resolution of this conjecture.

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Primary source

Yichao Chen, Wenjie Fang, Zhicheng Gao and Jinlian Zhang, “Asymptotic normality of embedding distributions of some families of graphs”, arXiv:2507.15751 (2025).

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