The primitive local-cohomology conjecture for character-variety cohomology

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Let Mn,k=HLn(O(k))∨M_{n,k}=H_L^n(O(k))^\vee, and let Mn,kshuffles⊂Mn,kM_{n,k}^{\mathrm{shuffles}}\subset M_{n,k} be spanned by shuffle products f∗gf*g with f∈Mn′,kf\in M_{n',k}, g∈Mn−n′,kg\in M_{n-n',k}, and 0<n′<n0<n'<n. Define Mn,kprim:=Mn,k/Mn,kshufflesM_{n,k}^{\mathrm{prim}}:=M_{n,k}/M_{n,k}^{\mathrm{shuffles}}. Here H∗(X)[∑i=1nxi,∑i=1nyi]H^*(X)[\sum_{i=1}^nx_i,\sum_{i=1}^ny_i] denotes the indicated polynomial extension of the cohomology of the character variety. Primitive local-cohomology conjecture. There is an isomorphism of bigraded vector spaces

H∗(X)[∑i=1nxi,∑i=1nyi]≅Mn,kprim.H^*(X)\left[\sum_{i=1}^nx_i,\sum_{i=1}^ny_i\right]\cong M_{n,k}^{\mathrm{prim}}.

The conjecture is motivated by computer experiments and identifies character-variety cohomology with primitive elements for the shuffle structure; the supplied text gives no resolution status.

References

Primary source

Anton Mellit, “Cohomology rings of character varieties”, arXiv:2507.12454 (2025).

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