The αβγ\alpha\beta\gamma-ansatz for random-cluster correlations

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Let GG be any graph and 0q10\leq q\leq1. Let Mef(q)\mathcal{M}_{ef}(q) be the random-cluster polynomial associated with distinct edges e,fe,f, and let Aβ,γA_{\beta,\gamma} be the set of α\alpha's compatible with β\beta and γ\gamma. The αβγ\alpha\beta\gamma-ansatz. The polynomial Mef(q)\mathcal{M}_{ef}(q) can be written as

Mef(q)q2=β,γxβxγQβ,γ,\frac{\mathcal{M}_{ef}(q)}{q^2}=\sum_{\beta,\gamma}\mathbf{x}^{\beta}\mathbf{x}^{\gamma}Q_{\beta,\gamma},

where Qβ,γQ_{\beta,\gamma} is a positive semidefinite quadratic form in the variables {xααAβ,γ}\{\mathbf{x}_{\alpha}\mid\alpha\in A_{\beta,\gamma}\}. Furthermore, setting q=0q=0 and taking lowest-degree terms in Q,Q_{\varnothing,\varnothing} gives the classical UST formula in the source's theorem. This ansatz proposes a structural positivity decomposition for random-cluster correlations and connects its lowest-degree specialization with the uniform spanning tree formula. The supplied text gives no resolution status.

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Primary source

Son Nguyen and Pavlo Pylyavskyy, “Correlations in random cluster model at q=1”, arXiv:2507.09520 (2025).

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