Stable germ expansion conjecture for quasi-split reductive groups

Let GG be a connected quasi-split reductive group over a non-archimedean local field FF. Let SUG\mathcal{SU}_G be the vector space of stable distributions on G(F)G(F) with true unipotent support, let Greg(F)G_{reg}(F) denote the regular semisimple elements of G(F)G(F), and write SOG(t,f)\mathcal{SO}_G(t,f) for the stable orbital integral of fCc(G(F))f\in\mathcal{C}_c^\infty(G(F)) at tGreg(F)t\in G_{reg}(F). For zZ(F)z\in Z(F), where ZZ is the center of GG, let VV be a neighbourhood of zz in G(F)G(F). Stable germ expansion conjecture. (1) The vector space SUG\mathcal{SU}_G is finite dimensional. (2) There is a map

SΓG:Greg(F)SUG\mathcal{S}\Gamma_G:G_{reg}(F)\to\mathcal{SU}_G

such that: (a) the distribution SΓG(t)\mathcal{S}\Gamma_G(t) depends only on the stable conjugacy class of tGreg(F)t\in G_{reg}(F); and (b) for every fCc(G(F))f\in\mathcal{C}_c^\infty(G(F)) and zZ(F)z\in Z(F), there is a neighbourhood VV of zz such that, for tVGreg(F)t\in V\cap G_{reg}(F),

SOG(t,f)=SΓG(t),f.\mathcal{SO}_G(t,f)=\langle\mathcal{S}\Gamma_G(t),f\rangle.

This conjecture extends the stated germ-expansion theorem from the previously treated setting to arbitrary connected quasi-split reductive groups over non-archimedean local fields. Its first assertion is known in characteristic zero and expected in general, while the second requires the restriction to true unipotent elements because primitive rational elements can become unipotent only after extending the field; the structure of stable distributions with true unipotent support remains poorly understood.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jean-Pierre Labesse, “Germ expansion for SL(2) in arbitrary characteristics”, arXiv:2507.05003 (2025).

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