Modulated single-scale Fourier square function disjoint trilinear extension conjecture

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Let U1,U2,U3⊂UU_{1},U_{2},U_{3}\subset U be a ν\nu-disjoint triple of squares, meaning that each has side length comparable to ν\nu and distinct squares are separated by at least ν\nu. For 1<q<∞1<q<\infty and 0<ε,ν<10<\varepsilon,\nu<1, let Adisj⁡νsquare⁡(⊗3L∞→Lq3;ε)\mathcal{A}_{\operatorname*{disj}\nu}^{\operatorname*{square}}\left(\otimes_{3}L^{\infty}\rightarrow L^{\frac{q}{3}};\varepsilon\right) denote the assertion that there is a positive constant Cq,ε,νC_{q,\varepsilon,\nu} such that

∥SFourier⁡s,u1f1 SFourier⁡s,u2f2 SFourier⁡s,u3f3∥Lq3(R3)≤Cq,ε,ν2εs∏k=13∥fk∥L∞(U)\left\Vert\mathcal{S}_{\operatorname*{Fourier}}^{s,\mathbf{u}_{1}}f_{1}\,\mathcal{S}_{\operatorname*{Fourier}}^{s,\mathbf{u}_{2}}f_{2}\,\mathcal{S}_{\operatorname*{Fourier}}^{s,\mathbf{u}_{3}}f_{3}\right\Vert_{L^{\frac{q}{3}}(\mathbb{R}^{3})}\leq C_{q,\varepsilon,\nu}2^{\varepsilon s}\prod_{k=1}^{3}\left\Vert f_{k}\right\Vert_{L^{\infty}(U)}

for all s∈Ns\in\mathbb{N} with 2−s≤ν2^{-s}\leq\nu, all fk∈L∞(Uk)f_{k}\in L^{\infty}(U_{k}), all sequences uk∈V\mathbf{u}_{k}\in\mathcal{V}, and all ν\nu-disjoint triples. The modulated single-scale Fourier square function disjoint trilinear extension conjecture. For every q>3q>3 there is 0<ν<10<\nu<1 such that Adisj⁡νsquare⁡(⊗3L∞→Lq3;ε)\mathcal{A}_{\operatorname*{disj}\nu}^{\operatorname*{square}}\left(\otimes_{3}L^{\infty}\rightarrow L^{\frac{q}{3}};\varepsilon\right) holds for all 0<ε<10<\varepsilon<1. This is the trilinear, separated-frequency counterpart of the preceding square-function conjecture and is intended to capture the multilinear structure relevant to the Kakeya equivalence.

References

Primary source

Cristian Rios and Eric T. Sawyer, “Equivalence of linear and trilinear Kakeya conjectures in three dimensions”, arXiv:2506.21315 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2024–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2411.18457.

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