Waldschmidt's density conjecture for rational points on abelian varieties

Let A\mathcal{A} be a simple abelian variety of dimension gg over a number field KK embedded in R\mathbb{R}. Let A(R)0\mathcal{A}(\mathbb{R})^0 be the identity component, let h^\hat{h} be the canonical height, and define

η^A(h)=inf{δ: for every ζA(R)0 there exists γA(K) with h^(γ)h and dist(ζ,γ)<δ}.\hat{\eta}_{\mathcal{A}}(h)=\inf\left\{\delta:\text{ for every }\zeta\in\mathcal{A}(\mathbb{R})^0\text{ there exists }\gamma\in\mathcal{A}(K)\text{ with }\hat{h}(\gamma)\leq h\text{ and }\operatorname{dist}(\zeta,\gamma)<\delta\right\}.

Denote by rr the rank of the Mordell--Weil group A(K)\mathcal{A}(K). Waldschmidt's conjecture. For every ε>0\varepsilon>0, there exists h0>0h_0>0, depending only on A\mathcal{A}, KK, and ε\varepsilon, such that for every hh0h\geq h_0,

η^A(h)h(r/2g)+ε.\hat{\eta}_{\mathcal{A}}(h)\leq h^{-(r/2g)+\varepsilon}.

This conjecture predicts the optimal rate at which points of bounded canonical height from A(K)\mathcal{A}(K) approximate the real identity component, with the exponent governed by the Mordell--Weil rank. The paper relates it to a matrix-approximation property, but does not establish the conjecture in general.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Lior Fishman, David Lambert, Keith Merrill and David Simmons, “Diophantine approximation on abelian varieties; a conjecture of M. Waldschmidt”, arXiv:2506.19060 (2025).

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