Asymmetric companion-zero conjecture for the smooth divisor-sum indicator

For x>0x>0 and steepness parameter κ>0\kappa>0, define the smooth divisor-sum indicator by

Pσ(x;κ)=(∑i=2∞ϕκ ⁣(ix+1)F(x,i)i)−x.\mathcal P_{\sigma}(x;\kappa)=\left(\sum_{i=2}^{\infty}\phi_{\kappa}\!\left(\frac{i}{x+1}\right)\frac{F(x,i)}{i}\right)-x.

For each odd prime p≥3p\ge 3, the asymmetric companion-zero conjecture. For sufficiently large κ\kappa, Pσ(⋅;κ)\mathcal P_{\sigma}(\cdot;\kappa) has an asymmetric pair of real zeros flanking pp: a left zero xp−(κ)x_p^-(\kappa) satisfying

p−xp−(κ)≍p e−2κ/(p+1)(κ→∞),p-x_p^-(\kappa)\asymp p\,\mathrm e^{-2\kappa/(p+1)}\qquad(\kappa\to\infty),

and a right zero whose distance from pp remains bounded away from zero as κ→∞\kappa\to\infty. Numerics also indicate

Pσ(p;κ)≈−p e−2κ/(p+1).\mathcal P_{\sigma}(p;\kappa)\approx-p\,\mathrm e^{-2\kappa/(p+1)}.

The claimed asymmetry contrasts with the two zeros approaching pp for Pτ\mathcal P_\tau; the limiting integer values of Pσ\mathcal P_\sigma vanish precisely at primes, while the asserted right companion does not approach pp.

References

Primary source

Sebastian Fuchs, “Fejér-Kernel Prime Indicators”, arXiv:2506.18933 (2025).

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