Lefschetz-type conjecture for the base-change sum of L-functions

Assume the setup in which GG is simply connected and almost simple, SS is a set of places with at least two elements, and T=T=\emptyset. For each positive integer mm, let (Xm,Sm)(X_m,S_m) denote the base change of (X,S)(X,S) to Fqm\mathbb{F}_{q^m}, and let L(G,m)\mathcal{L}(G,m) be the sum of LL-functions LSm(MGγ)L_{S_m}(M_{G_\gamma}) over the relevant semisimple conjugacy classes [γ][\gamma] for the base-changed data. A function f ⁣:ZCf\colon\mathbb{Z}\to\mathbb{C} is of Lefschetz type if

f(m)=i=1rniαimf(m)=\sum_{i=1}^r n_i\alpha_i^m

for some niZn_i\in\mathbb{Z} and αiC\alpha_i\in\mathbb{C}. The Lefschetz-type base-change conjecture. The function mL(G,m)m\mapsto\mathcal{L}(G,m) is of Lefschetz type.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Takuro Fukayama, “The number of cuspidal representations over a function field and its behavior under base changes”, arXiv:2504.20564 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2019–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1910.12915.

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