Leibman's conjecture on polynomial subgroups of nilpotent Lie groups

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Let (X=G/Γ,μX,T)(X=G/\Gamma,\mu_X,T) be a connected nilsystem, with TT induced by left translation by τ∈G\tau\in G. Write G=G0ΓG=G_0\Gamma, where G0G_0 is the identity component, and write τ=τ0γ−1\tau=\tau_0\gamma^{-1} with τ0∈G0\tau_0\in G_0 and γ∈Γ\gamma\in\Gamma. For α∈G0\alpha\in G_0, define

gα(n)=(αγ−1)nγn.g_\alpha(n)=(\alpha\gamma^{-1})^n\gamma^n.

For essentially distinct integral polynomials p0,…,prp_0,\ldots,p_r, let H^\widehat{H} be the subgroup of GrG^r defined in the source by the generated diagonal subgroup and the elements formed from the gα(pi(n))g_\alpha(p_i(n)). Leibman's conjecture. For any d∈Nd\in\mathbb{N},

H^∩(G0)d=H^d.\widehat{H}\cap (G_0)_d=\widehat{H}_d.

The conjecture is introduced as an ingredient that would imply the paper's other conjectures concerning correlation sequences and recurrence. It is attributed to Leibman, and the source does not state whether it has been resolved.

References

Primary source

Felipe Hernández, “Multiple Polynomial Recurrence in Weyl Systems”, arXiv:2504.19899 (2026).

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