Altman–Gaujal–Hordijk conjecture on densities of balanced sequences

Let k3k\geq 3, and let {r1,,rk}\{r_1,\dots,r_k\} be a set of distinct positive reals with r1>>rk>0r_1>\dots>r_k>0. A sequence over a kk-element set is balanced if, for every symbol, the numbers of occurrences in any two contiguous subsequences of equal length differ by at most 11; its density is the limiting frequency of that symbol. Altman–Gaujal–Hordijk's conjecture. A balanced sequence with densities r1,,rkr_1,\dots,r_k exists if and only if r=(r1,,rk)\underline r=(r_1,\dots,r_k) is the (k,2)(k,2)-power. The conjecture concerns the characterization of possible density sets for balanced sequences; its resolution status is not specified in the supplied text.

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Primary source

Gábor Damásdi, Nóra Frankl, János Pach and Dömötör Pálvölgyi, “Monochromatic configurations on a circle”, arXiv:2504.10687 (2025).

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