Low-degree conjecture for color factors of non-oriented vacuum graphs

Let GG be a non-oriented vacuum graph with vG4v_G\geq4, and let its color factor be a polynomial or Laurent polynomial in NN whose low degree is the smallest exponent of NN with nonzero coefficient. Low-degree conjecture. The color factor of GG has low degree 2\geq2. Because nonzero color factors for graphs with fewer than four vertices are powers of N21N^2-1, this conjecture would imply that RG(N)Z[N]R_G(N)\in\mathbb{Z}[N]. The paper also notes that, for a connected non-oriented graph with even hGh_G, the low degree is odd; the conjectured bound in that case is at least 33.

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Primary source

Oliver Schnetz, “Notes on color reductions and γ traces”, arXiv:2504.05853 (2025).

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