Ideal circle-pattern uniformization conjecture for combinatorial Ricci flow

Let T=(V,E,F)\mathcal{T}=(V,E,F) be an infinite cellular decomposition of an open disk with intersection angles Φ(0,π)E\Phi\in (0,\pi)^E. Its 11-skeleton is the graph formed by its vertices and edges, and a locally finite ideal circle pattern in the unit disc is a locally finite family of ideal circles with contact graph T\mathcal{T}. The Poincaré dual of T\mathcal{T} is the cellular decomposition whose vertices correspond to the faces of T\mathcal{T} and whose incidence relations are dual to those of T\mathcal{T}. The carrier of an ideal polyhedron is the union of the discs on the sphere corresponding to its faces.

Ideal circle-pattern uniformization conjecture. The following statements are equivalent: the combinatorial Ricci flow on T\mathcal{T} converges for every initial value in hyperbolic background geometry; there exists a locally finite ideal circle pattern with contact graph T\mathcal{T} in the unit disc; the 11-skeleton of T\mathcal{T} is VEL-hyperbolic; and there exists an infinite ideal polyhedron P\mathcal{P} in H3\mathbb{H}^3 combinatorially equivalent to the Poincaré dual of T\mathcal{T} whose carrier is an open hemisphere of S2\mathbb{S}^2.

This conjecture proposes an analogous uniformization theorem for ideal circle patterns on infinite cellular decompositions, linking Ricci-flow convergence, circle-pattern existence, vertex extremal-length hyperbolicity, and ideal polyhedra in hyperbolic three-space. The source presents the equivalence as a conjecture and gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Huabin Ge, Bobo Hua and Puchun Zhou, “Combinatorial Ricci flows on infinite disk triangulations”, arXiv:2504.05817 (2025).

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