Burstein–Han–Kitaev–Zhang shape-Wilf-equivalence conjecture

Let k2k\geq 2. Consider the two partially ordered patterns depicted below: the first has root label k1k-1, lower labels 1,2,k2,k1,2,k-2,k (with the intermediate lower vertices understood from the displayed pattern), and the second has root label kk, lower labels 1,2,k11,2,k-1 (with the intermediate lower vertices understood from the displayed pattern). Write s\sim_s for shape-Wilf-equivalence of partially ordered patterns.

Burstein–Han–Kitaev–Zhang conjecture. The two displayed partially ordered patterns are shape-Wilf-equivalent:

first displayed patternssecond displayed pattern.\text{first displayed pattern}\sim_s\text{second displayed pattern}.

This conjecture concerns shape-Wilf-equivalence, a refinement of Wilf-equivalence for partially ordered patterns. The supplied text identifies it as Conjecture 10 proposed by Burstein, Han, Kitaev, and Zhang, but gives no evidence of a resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Lintong Wang and Sherry H. F. Yan, “Proof of a conjecture on the shape-Wilf-equivalence for partially ordered patterns”, arXiv:2503.22098 (2025).

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