Cutting-distance conjecture for even k-ary words

For a kk-ary word WW, let c(W)c(W) be the minimum number of cuts needed to partition WW into consecutive blocks that can be permuted to form a shuffle square. A word is even if every letter occurs an even number of times.

Cutting-distance conjecture. For each k2k\geqslant2, every even kk-ary word WW satisfies

c(W)k.c(W)\leqslant k.

The binary case is posed separately with the stronger bound c(W)2c(W)\leqslant2, while the proposed generalization is compatible with the known ternary example having cutting distance 33.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jarosław Grytczuk, Bartłomiej Pawlik and Andrzej Ruciński, “Shuffle squares and ordered nest-free graphs”, arXiv:2503.22043 (2025).

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