Ellzey's e-positivity conjecture for proper circular arc digraphs

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Let G⃗\vec G be a proper circular arc digraph: its vertices correspond to arcs on a circle whose left endpoints occur in clockwise order and which do not contain one another, with (i,j)(i,j) a directed edge exactly when the left endpoint of the jjth arc lies in the iith arc. Let XG⃗(x;q)X_{\vec G}(\bm x;q) be its chromatic quasisymmetric function, weighting proper colourings by qasc⁡(κ)q^{\operatorname{asc}(\kappa)}. The source states that this function is symmetric for such digraphs. It is ee-positive if its expansion in the elementary basis has coefficients that are polynomials in qq with nonnegative coefficients.

Ellzey's conjecture. If G⃗\vec G is a proper circular arc digraph, then XG⃗(x;q)X_{\vec G}(\bm x;q) is ee-positive.

This extends the refined Stanley–Stembridge conjecture from natural unit interval graphs to proper circular arc digraphs. The source states that this extension is open.

References

Primary source

Foster Tom and Aarush Vailaya, “The chromatic symmetric function of graphs glued at a single vertex”, arXiv:2503.19344 (2025).

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