Lev's matching restricted-sumset conjecture

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Let pp be a prime number, and let A,B⊆FpA,B\subseteq\mathbb{F}_p with ∣B∣⩽∣A∣|B|\leqslant |A|. Let R ⁣:B→A\mathcal{R}\colon B\to A be an injective function, viewed as a matching between subsets of AA and BB. For the restricted sumset

A+RB={a+b:a∈A, b∈B, (a,b)∉R},A+_{\mathcal{R}}B=\{a+b:a\in A,\ b\in B,\ (a,b)\notin\mathcal{R}\},

Lev's conjecture.

∣A+RB∣⩾{∣A∣+∣B∣−3if ∣A∣+∣B∣⩽p,p−3if ∣A∣+∣B∣=p+1,p−2if ∣A∣+∣B∣⩾p+2.|A+_{\mathcal{R}}B|\geqslant \begin{cases} |A|+|B|-3&\text{if }|A|+|B|\leqslant p,\\ p-3&\text{if }|A|+|B|=p+1,\\ p-2&\text{if }|A|+|B|\geqslant p+2. \end{cases}

The conjecture concerns the minimum size of a sumset after deleting the pairs specified by a matching; the paper confirms it when ∣A∣+∣B∣⩽(1−ε)p|A|+|B|\leqslant(1-\varepsilon)p for sufficiently large pp, but the full statement remains open.

References

Primary source

Minghui Ouyang, “On restricted sumsets with bounded degree relations”, arXiv:2503.09121 (2025).

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