Jain's connectivity and diameter conjecture for unit graphs over Zn\mathbb{Z}_n

Let nn be a natural number, and let G(Zn)G(\mathbb{Z}_n) be the unit graph. Write U(Zn)U(\mathbb{Z}_n) for its set of units, NU(Zn)N_U(\mathbb{Z}_n) for its set of non-units, and diam(G(Zn))\operatorname{diam}(G(\mathbb{Z}_n)) for the graph diameter. Jain's conjecture. The graph G(Zn)G(\mathbb{Z}_n) is connected, and

2U(Zn)diam(G(Zn))2,2\in U(\mathbb{Z}_n)\quad\Longrightarrow\quad \operatorname{diam}(G(\mathbb{Z}_n))\leq 2,

while

2NU(Zn)diam(G(Zn))3.2\in N_U(\mathbb{Z}_n)\quad\Longrightarrow\quad \operatorname{diam}(G(\mathbb{Z}_n))\leq 3.

The conjecture concerns the connectivity and metric structure of unit graphs for arbitrary natural nn. The surrounding paper states that these assertions are resolved there, so this candidate is treated as solved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Apurba Sarkar, Kalyan Hansda and Makhan Maji, “Linear Codes Derived from the Structure of Unit Graphs Over Z_n”, arXiv:2503.03421 (2025).

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