Critical exponent conjecture for the generalized Thue–Morse words

For each integer k1k\geq 1, let xk{\bf x}_k be the infinite word defined as the limit of the locally catenative sequence described above. The critical exponent conjecture for xk{\bf x}_k. The infinite word xk{\bf x}_k has critical exponent k+1k+1, attained by the words 0k+10^{k+1} and 1k+11^{k+1}. It contains no factor of length 2n+k2n+k and period nn, and therefore has asymptotic critical exponent 22. This extends the known overlap-free and related properties of the cases k=1k=1, k=2k=2, and k=3k=3; the assertion for all k1k\geq 1 remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jeffrey Shallit, “The Narayana Morphism and Related Words”, arXiv:2503.01026 (2025).

Additional references

7 papers in this index state this conjecture (2014–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2406.14487, arXiv:2301.13563, arXiv:2207.11424, arXiv:2207.10171, arXiv:1610.00676, arXiv:1406.0670.

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