Joint tracial moment conjecture for the limiting spectral distribution of data-matrix commutators

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Let Σ1\Sigma_1 and Σ2\Sigma_2 be the covariance matrices, and let HH be their joint limiting spectral distribution. For any n1,n2∈Nn_1,n_2\in\mathbb{N} and every selection of non-negative integers (k1,…,kn1)(k_1,\ldots,k_{n_1}) and (l1,…,ln2)(l_1,\ldots,l_{n_2}), consider the alternating joint tracial moments of Σ1\Sigma_1 and Σ2\Sigma_2. Joint tracial moment conjecture. Suppose that

1ptrace⁡(Σ1k1Σ2l1Σ1k2Σ2l2…)⟶∫λ1∑ikiλ2∑jlj dH(λ1,λ2).\frac{1}{p}\operatorname{trace}(\Sigma_1^{k_1}\Sigma_2^{l_1}\Sigma_1^{k_2}\Sigma_2^{l_2}\ldots) \longrightarrow \int \lambda_1^{\sum_i k_i}\lambda_2^{\sum_j l_j}\,dH(\lambda_1,\lambda_2).

In other words, the joint tracial moments converge to quantities determined by the joint limiting spectral distribution of (Σ1,Σ2)(\Sigma_1,\Sigma_2). Then the conclusion of the paper's main theorem on the limiting spectral distribution holds. This is proposed as a sufficient condition for the main result to remain valid without the commutativity assumption.

References

Primary source

Javed Hazarika and Debashis Paul, “LSD of the Commutator of two data Matrices”, arXiv:2503.00014 (2026).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2023–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2307.01625.

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