No-naked-singularity conjecture for cosmological spacetimes

Let (M~,g^)(\widetilde{M}, \widehat{g}) be a smooth, time-oriented, globally hyperbolic Lorentzian (3+1)(3+1)-dimensional spacetime with M~M×R\widetilde{M} \cong M \times \mathbb{R}, where MM is a closed, connected, oriented three-manifold. Suppose g^\widehat{g} satisfies the Einstein field equations

Ricg^12Rg^g^+Λg^=T.\operatorname{Ric}_{\widehat{g}} - \tfrac{1}{2} R_{\widehat{g}} \widehat{g} + \Lambda \widehat{g} = \mathcal{T}.

Here ΛR\Lambda \in \mathbb{R} is the cosmological constant and T\mathcal{T} is a smooth energy-momentum tensor obeying the dominant energy condition and representing physically reasonable matter and radiation content. No-naked-singularity conjecture. For an open and dense set of smooth initial data prescribed on a Cauchy hypersurface M×{t0}M \times \{t_0\} satisfying the Einstein constraint equations, the maximal globally hyperbolic development (M~,g^)(\widetilde{M}, \widehat{g}) does not develop a future naked singularity; that is, any future singularity, if it forms, is not visible to any future-directed timelike curve originating from the initial hypersurface. This is a cosmological analogue of weak cosmic censorship. The supplied text gives no resolution or established range of validity, so the conjecture remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Puskar Mondal, “A large data result for vacuum Einstein's equations”, arXiv:2502.11289 (2026).

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