Relative fundamental lemma in the semi-Lie case

Let FF be the local field and let Sn(F)S_n(F), Vn(F)V'_n(F), rs_{\mathrm{rs}}, rs+_{\mathrm{rs}}^+, and rs_{\mathrm{rs}}^- be the spaces and regular semisimple loci used above. Let un u_n be the transfer factor un=un(γ,u,v) u_n= u_n(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top) defined in the geometric comparison, let BCSnηn1\operatorname{BC}^{\eta^{n-1}}_{S_n} denote the base-change map, and let Λn\Lambda_n be a self-dual lattice of full rank in Vn+\mathbb V_n^+. For ϕH(Sn(F))\phi\in\mathcal H(S_n(F)) and (γ,u,v)(Sn(F)×Vn(F))rs(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top)\in(S_n(F)\times V'_n(F))_{\mathrm{rs}}, the relative fundamental lemma asserts

Relative fundamental lemma in the semi-Lie case.

νn(γ,u,v)Orb(ϕ1OFn×(OFn),(γ,u,v),0)={0if (γ,u,v)(Sn(F)×Vn(F))rs,OrbU(Vn+)×Vn+((g,u),BCSnηn1(ϕ)1Λn)if (γ,u,v)(Sn(F)×Vn(F))rs+.\nu_n(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top)\operatorname{Orb}(\phi\otimes\mathbf 1_{O_F^n\times(O_F^n)^\vee},(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top),0)= \begin{cases} 0&\text{if }(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top)\in(S_n(F)\times V'_n(F))_{\mathrm{rs}}^-,\\ \operatorname{Orb}^{\operatorname{U}(\mathbb V_n^+)\times\mathbb V_n^+}\bigl((g,u),\operatorname{BC}^{\eta^{n-1}}_{S_n}(\phi)\otimes\mathbf 1_{\Lambda_n}\bigr)&\text{if }(\gamma,\mathbf u,\mathbf v^\top)\in(S_n(F)\times V'_n(F))_{\mathrm{rs}}^+. \end{cases}

Here Orb\operatorname{Orb} is the weighted orbital integral defined using the character η\eta and the factor dethFs|\det h|_F^{-s}, while the right-hand side is the ordinary orbital integral for U(Vn+)×Vn+\operatorname{U}(\mathbb V_n^+)\times\mathbb V_n^+. This is a semi-Lie relative fundamental lemma relating weighted orbital integrals on the linear side to ordinary unitary orbital integrals after base change; the source gives no resolution, so the conjecture remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Evan Chen, “Semi-Lie arithmetic fundamental lemma for the full spherical Hecke algebra”, arXiv:2502.06078 (2025).

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