Ultra-log-concavity of weak-order Eulerian polynomials

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Let π∈Sn\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n. The polynomial

QWπ(t)=∑σ∈[id⁡,π]Wtdes⁡(σ)Q_W^\pi(t)=\sum_{\sigma\in[\operatorname{id},\pi]_W}t^{\operatorname{des}(\sigma)}

is the weak-order Eulerian polynomial of the interval below π\pi.

Ultra-log-concavity conjecture. For every π∈Sn\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n, QWπQ_W^\pi is ultra-log-concave.

This is a special case of Brenti's conjecture, rephrased in the language of the weak order. The claim is motivated by ultra-log-concavity results for naturally labeled width-two posets, although the corresponding polynomials for general permutation posets need not be real-rooted.

References

Primary source

Per Alexandersson, Aryaman Jal and Maena Quemener, “Real-rootedness of rook-Eulerian polynomials”, arXiv:2502.05939 (2025).

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