The four-point obstruction conjecture for labeled star graphs

Let (X,d)(X^*,d^*) be a finite ultrametric space. Write US{\bf US} for the class of finite ultrametric spaces generated by labeled star graphs, and say that two ultrametric spaces are weakly similar if there is a bijection between them whose distances are related by a strictly increasing function. The four-point spaces (X4,d4)(X_4,d_4) and (Y4,ρ4)(Y_4,\rho_4) are the spaces described in Figure 3 of the source.

Four-point obstruction conjecture. The following statements are equivalent:

(X,d)US.(X^*,d^*)\notin {\bf US}. (X,d) contains a four-point subspace weakly similar either to (X4,d4) or to (Y4,ρ4).(X^*,d^*)\text{ contains a four-point subspace weakly similar either to }(X_4,d_4)\text{ or to }(Y_4,\rho_4).

If true, this would give a finite forbidden-subspace characterization of ultrametric spaces generated by labeled star graphs. The source presents the equivalence as a conjecture and gives the two four-point spaces as basic obstructions; no resolution is supplied here.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Oleksiy Dovgoshey and Olga Rovenska, “Ultrametric spaces generated by labeled star graphs”, arXiv:2502.01260 (2025).

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