Markov Sail Duality conjecture for Markov-polynomial coefficients

Let M(C)\mathcal M(C) be the coefficient of the monomial represented by an interior integer point CC of the critical triangle of a Markov sail. Along an unbroken line segment between vertices CiC_i and Ci+1C_{i+1}, let d(CiCi+1)d(C_iC_{i+1}) be the common difference of the M\mathcal M-values of the integer points on that segment. For the sail vertices AiA_i and BiB_i, the conjectured relations are

d(BiBi+1)=M(Ai+1),d(B_iB_{i+1})=-\mathcal M(A_{i+1}), d(Ai+1Ai+2)=M(Bi+1).d(A_{i+1}A_{i+2})=-\mathcal M(B_{i+1}).

Markov Sail Duality conjecture. The coefficients of Markov polynomials satisfy these two Markov-sail duality identities. This would determine almost all interior sail coefficients from an initial value together with the integer lengths of unbroken lines; the source gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

S. J. Evans, A. P. Veselov and B. Winn, “Arithmetic and geometry of Markov polynomials”, arXiv:2501.14882 (2025).

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