Base-3 digit conjectures for nilpotency indices at 11 and 7 modulo 3

Let D=η(2z)12D=\eta(2z)^{12}, let k1k\geq1 with 6k6\nmid k, write k=ai3ik=\sum a_i3^i, and let sk(mod54)s\equiv k\pmod{54}. For t1t\geq1, define

wt=N11(D23t+1,3)1,zt=N7(D23t+1,3)1.w_t=N_{11}(D^{2\cdot3^t+1},3)-1,\qquad z_t=N_7(D^{2\cdot3^t+1},3)-1.

Base-3 digit conjecture.

N11(Dk,3)=N11(Ds,3)+i3Wiwi,N_{11}(D^k,3)=N_{11}(D^s,3)+\sum_{i\geq3}W_iw_i,

where the WiW_i are linear combinations of aia_i, wi=2wi1w_i=2w_{i-1} for i3i\geq3, and w2=2w_2=2; also

N7(Dk,3)=N7(Ds,3)+i3Zizi,N_7(D^k,3)=N_7(D^s,3)+\sum_{i\geq3}Z_iz_i,

where the ZiZ_i are linear combinations of aia_i, zi=zi1+2zi2z_i=z_{i-1}+2z_{i-2} for i3i\geq3, and z1=1,z2=2z_1=1,z_2=2. Finally,

Nj(Dk,3)=O(k0.631)(j{7,11}).N_j(D^k,3)=O(k^{0.631})\quad(j\in\{7,11\}).

The conjecture concerns exact nilpotency indices for the two Hecke operators and gives a sublinear growth bound; the source reports computational verification only in a later remark.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Matthew Boylan and Swati, “Indices of nilpotency in certain spaces of modular forms”, arXiv:2410.24182 (2026).

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