The conjecture on separated boundary components for Steklov maximizers

Let Σ\Sigma be a surface with disconnected boundary Σ\partial\Sigma, and let gg be a maximizer of the normalized first Steklov eigenvalue σˉ1(Σ,)\bar{\sigma}_1(\Sigma,\cdot). Define Δ(Σ)\Delta(\partial\Sigma) to be the set of pairs (p,q)(p,q) such that pp and qq belong to disjoint connected components of Σ\partial\Sigma. Let C(Σ,g)\mathcal{C}(\Sigma,g) be the set of maps

Φ:(Σ,g)(Bn,Sn1)\Phi:(\Sigma,g)\to(\mathbb{B}^n,\mathbb{S}^{n-1})

satisfying

ΔgΦ=0in Σ,\Delta_g\Phi=0\quad\text{in }\Sigma, νΦ=σ1(Σ,g)Φon Σ,\partial_\nu\Phi=\sigma_1(\Sigma,g)\cdot\Phi\quad\text{on }\partial\Sigma,

and which are possibly branched conformal maps. Separated-boundary Steklov conjecture. There exists (p,q)Δ(Σ)(p,q)\in\Delta(\partial\Sigma) such that, for every ΦC(Σ,g)\Phi\in\mathcal{C}(\Sigma,g), one has Φ(p)Φ(q)\Phi(p)\neq\Phi(q). This conjecture is intended to provide the Steklov analogue of the corresponding existence and monotonicity results for closed surfaces. It is stated as true when Σ\Sigma has genus 00, while the general case for surfaces with disconnected boundary is left as an open question.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Romain Petrides, “Geometric spectral optimization on surfaces”, arXiv:2410.13347 (2024).

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