The barycenter conjecture for one-dimensional free Gibbs measures

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Let f:R\textbackslashRf:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\textbackslash \mathbb{R} be continuous and satisfy the assumptions denoted by (gibbs)(\mathrm{gibbs}). For λ\textbackslashinR\lambda\textbackslash in\mathbb{R}, let the free Gibbs measure associated with f+λidf+\lambda\,\operatorname{id} be the corresponding equilibrium measure, and call its barycenter xdνf+λid(x)\int x\,d\nu_{f+\lambda\,\operatorname{id}}(x). Barycenter conjecture. There exists λR\lambda\in\mathbb{R} such that the free Gibbs measure associated with f+λidf+\lambda\,\operatorname{id} has barycenter zero, that is,

xdνf+λid(x)=0.\int x\,d\nu_{f+\lambda\,\operatorname{id}}(x)=0.

Establishing this would remove the main obstacle to the centered reduction used in the proof of the sharp symmetrized free transport-entropy inequality; the supplied text presents it as an unresolved question.

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Primary source

Charles-Philippe Diez, “A sharp symmetrized free transport-entropy inequality for the semicircular law”, arXiv:2410.02715 (2024).

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