Arithmetic exponent pair hypothesis for smooth-conductor trace-function sums

Let ρ=(0,1/2,0)\rho=(0,1/2,0) be an arithmetic exponent pair. Given a sufficiently small η>0\eta>0, let qq be a large, square-free, qηq^{\eta}-smooth number, let KqK_q be an \infty-amiable trace function modulo qq, and let WδW_{\delta} be a δ\delta-periodic function. For an interval II, define

S(K,W;I)=nIKq(n)Wδ(n).\mathfrak{S}(K,W;I)=\sum_{n\in I}K_q(n)W_{\delta}(n).

Arithmetic exponent pair hypothesis. For every ϵ>0\epsilon>0, provided that I<qδ|I|<q\delta, one has

S(K,W;I)c,ϵ,η(qδ)ϵI1/2+ϵ.\mathfrak{S}(K,W;I)\ll_{\mathfrak{c},\epsilon,\eta}(q\delta)^{\epsilon}|I|^{1/2+\epsilon}.

This is a square-root cancellation hypothesis for sums involving smooth-conductor trace functions and periodic weights. The paper notes that its use still does not allow the method to break the 40%40\% barrier; the status of the hypothesis is not specified in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sun-Kai Leung, “Non-vanishing of Dirichlet L-functions with smooth conductors”, arXiv:2410.01713 (2025).

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