Equidistribution of the pix and fix statistics on pattern-avoiding permutations

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Let Pi⊆S3Pi\subseteq\mathfrak{S}_{3} with 1≤∣Π∣≤31\leq|\Pi|\leq3. For each n≥0n\geq0, let Sn(Π)\mathfrak{S}_{n}(\Pi) denote the permutations avoiding every pattern in Π\Pi, and let pix⁡\operatorname{pix} and fix⁡\operatorname{fix} be the statistics on this avoidance class described in the paper.

Equidistribution conjecture. The statistics pix⁡\operatorname{pix} and fix⁡\operatorname{fix} are equidistributed over Sn(Π)\mathfrak{S}_{n}(\Pi) for all n≥0n\geq0 if and only if Π\Pi is one of

{132,312}, {132,321}, {213,231}, {123,132,312}, {123,213,231}, {123,312,321}, {132,312,321}, {213,231,312}, or {213,231,321}.\{132,312\},\ \{132,321\},\ \{213,231\},\ \{123,132,312\},\ \{123,213,231\},\ \{123,312,321\},\ \{132,312,321\},\ \{213,231,312\},\ \text{or }\{213,231,321\}.

This conjecture refines the paper's results on pattern-avoiding derangements. Computational evidence supports the stated classification, but the authors leave its resolution open; the exceptional set from the related theorem is Π={132}\Pi=\{132\}, which is excluded from the listed cases.

References

Primary source

Chadi Bsila, Caroline E. Cox, Anna S. Hugo, Lindsey A. Styron and Yan Zhuang, “Desarrangements revisited: statistics and pattern avoidance”, arXiv:2409.19547 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2014–2024). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1405.0072.

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