Higher-dimensional Neumann monotonicity conjecture

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Let C(Θ)C(\Theta) be the geodesic ball of radius Θ\Theta in the constant-curvature model, and let μk(Θ)\mu_k(\Theta) denote its kthk^{\text{th}} Neumann eigenvalue. At Θ=0\Theta=0, let μk(Bn)\mu_k(\mathbb{B}^n) denote the corresponding eigenvalue of the Euclidean ball Bn⊂Rn\mathbb{B}^n\subset\mathbb{R}^n.

Higher-dimensional Neumann monotonicity conjecture. The function

Θ↦{μk(Θ) sinh⁡2(Θ),Θ∈(−∞,0),μk(Bn),Θ=0,μk(Θ) sin⁡2(Θ),Θ∈(0,π/2),\Theta \mapsto \begin{cases} \mu_k(\Theta)\,\sinh^2(\Theta), & \Theta\in(-\infty,0), \\ \mu_k(\mathbb{B}^n), & \Theta=0, \\ \mu_k(\Theta)\,\sin^2(\Theta), & \Theta\in(0,\pi/2), \end{cases}

decreases strictly from ∞\infty to 00, for all k≥2k\geq2 and n≥3n\geq3.

The claim is supported by numerical evidence, but the proof used for the Dirichlet spectrum does not transfer readily to the Neumann case. The corresponding statement in dimension n=2n=2 was proved by Langford and Laugesen.

References

Primary source

Scott Harman, “Scaling inequalities and limits for Robin and Dirichlet eigenvalues”, arXiv:2409.03050 (2024).

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