Independence of the natural line from the quadratic field

Let (E,p,K)(E,p,K) be a triple in which EE is an elliptic curve over Q\mathbf{Q} of analytic rank 22, pp is an odd prime of anomalous good ordinary reduction for EE, and KK is an imaginary quadratic field satisfying the Heegner hypothesis for E/QE/\mathbf{Q}, with analytic rank of EK/QE^K/\mathbf{Q} equal to 11 and pp split in KK. Suppose that E(Qp)[p]E(\mathbf{Q}_p)[p] is trivial, EE has no rational pp-isogeny, pp does not divide the class number of KK, and RE(K)R\in E(K) generates EK(Q)E^K(\mathbf{Q}) and is not pp-divisible in E(Qp)E(\mathbf{Q}_p). Let HH be the receptacle, let LKL'_K be the shadow line, and let L\mathcal{L} be the natural line. Natural-line independence conjecture. The image of LKL'_K in HFpH\otimes \mathbb{F}_p is independent of KK and coincides with L\mathcal{L}. The additional local torsion, isogeny, class-number, and divisibility hypotheses are intended to isolate the stable filtered distribution observed in the numerical data; no resolution is supplied, so the conjecture is open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jennifer S. Balakrishnan, Mirela Çiperiani, Barry Mazur and Karl Rubin, “Shadow line distributions”, arXiv:2409.00891 (2025).

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