Asymptotically optimal degree balance in regular graphs

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Let GG be a dd-regular graph of order nn, and let m(H,k)m(H,k) denote the number of vertices of degree kk in a spanning subgraph HH. Asymptotic degree-balance conjecture. For every dd there is a finite family Dd\mathcal{D}_d of exceptional graphs such that every dd-regular graph GG of order nn not belonging to Dd\mathcal{D}_d has a spanning subgraph HH for which, for every integer kk with 0kd0\leq k\leq d, if nd+1\frac{n}{d+1} and d2\left\lceil\frac d2\right\rceil are odd integers, then

m(H,k)nd+11;\left|m(H,k)-\frac{n}{d+1}\right|\leq 1;

otherwise,

m(H,k)nd+1dd+1\left|m(H,k)-\frac{n}{d+1}\right|\leq \frac{d}{d+1}

when dd is even, and

m(H,k)nd+1d1d+1\left|m(H,k)-\frac{n}{d+1}\right|\leq \frac{d-1}{d+1}

when dd is odd. This conjecture refines the degree-balance problem by asserting that, apart from finitely many exceptions for each dd, the parity obstruction is the only obstruction to attaining the bound 11. The source explicitly notes that even the case d=4d=4 is open.

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Primary source

Borut Lužar, Jakub Przybyło and Roman Soták, “Degree-balanced decompositions of cubic graphs”, arXiv:2408.16121 (2025).

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