Gowers's polynomial density Hales–Jewett conjecture

Let k,dk,d be positive integers, let δ>0\delta>0, and let nn be a positive integer. Write [n]={1,,n}[n]=\{1,\ldots,n\} and

K=[k][n]××[k][n]d.\mathcal{K}=[k]^{[n]}\times\dots\times[k]^{[n]^d}.

For a subset of a finite set, its density is its cardinality divided by the cardinality of the ambient set. Gowers's polynomial density Hales–Jewett conjecture. If nn is large enough depending on k,d,δk,d,\delta only, then every subset AK\mathcal{A}\subseteq\mathcal{K} with density at least δ\delta contains a non-empty subset S[n]S\subset[n] and an element

y[k][n]S[k][n]dSdy\in[k]^{[n]\setminus S}\cup\dots\cup[k]^{[n]^d\setminus S^d}

such that whenever the coordinates of xKx\in\mathcal{K} are constant on each of the sets S,,SdS,\dots,S^d and coincide with those of yy outside these sets, one has xAx\in\mathcal{A}. This is a proposed polynomial analogue of the density Hales–Jewett theorem; the paper notes that the case k=2k=2 is an important open step, while the formulation also connects to arithmetic-progression phenomena for k3k\ge3.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Thomas Karam, “Unions of intervals in codes based on powers of sets”, arXiv:2408.15144 (2024).

Progress summary

Never refreshed

Nothing recorded yet. Refresh searches the literature and the public web for attempts on this problem, and writes the first summary here.

Solutions 0

No solutions have been posted yet.