Odd-part dominance for elementary symmetric products of partition parts

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For a partition λ=(λ1,…,λℓ)\lambda=(\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_\ell), let pre⁡i(λ)\operatorname{pre}_i(\lambda) be the partition whose parts are all products λi1⋯λii\lambda_{i_1}\cdots\lambda_{i_i} with 1≤i1<⋯<ii≤ℓ1\leq i_1<\cdots<i_i\leq\ell, and set pre⁡i(λ)=∅\operatorname{pre}_i(\lambda)=\emptyset when ℓ<i\ell<i. Let oi(n)o_i(n) be the number of partitions in pre⁡i(P(n))\operatorname{pre}_i(\mathcal P(n)) with odd parts, and let di(n)d_i(n) be the number with distinct parts. Odd-part dominance conjecture.

o2(n)≥d2(n)(n≥0),o3(n)≥d3(n)(n≥21).o_2(n)\geq d_2(n)\quad(n\geq0),\qquad o_3(n)\geq d_3(n)\quad(n\geq21).

These inequalities are based on numerical evidence and relate the parity and distinctness of partitions formed from elementary symmetric products; the source does not establish them.

References

Primary source

Cristina Ballantine, George Beck and Mircea Merca, “Partitions and elementary symmetric polynomials – an experimental approach”, arXiv:2408.13346 (2024).

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