Self-intersection conjecture for curves on ruled surfaces

Let XX be a ruled surface, let p1,,prXp_1,\dots,p_r\in X be very general points, and let CX\mathcal{C}\subset X be a reduced irreducible curve. Define mi=multpiCm_i=\operatorname{mult}_{p_i}\mathcal{C} for 1ir1\leq i\leq r, and assume mi>0m_i>0 for some ii. Let XrX_r be the blow-up of XX at these points, and write C~\widetilde{\mathcal{C}} for the strict transform.

Self-intersection conjecture. One has

C2i=1rmi21.\mathcal{C}^2\geq\sum_{i=1}^r m_i^2-1.

Moreover, if equality holds, then if e0e\neq0, C~\widetilde{\mathcal{C}} is a (1)(-1)-curve or C~=Γe~\widetilde{\mathcal{C}}=\widetilde{\Gamma_e}; while if e=0e=0, C~\widetilde{\mathcal{C}} is a (1)(-1)-curve or C~=αΓe~\widetilde{\mathcal{C}}=\widetilde{\alpha\Gamma_e} for some α1\alpha\geq1. This gives a lower bound for the self-intersection of curves through very general points and, together with the first conjecture, controls negative curves on blow-ups of ruled surfaces; the paper states that the two conjectures are equivalent.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Krishna Hanumanthu, Cyril J. Jacob, Suhas B. N. and Amit Kumar Singh, “Rationality of Seshadri constants on blow-ups of ruled surfaces”, arXiv:2407.18678 (2024).

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