Wojtkowski's falling particle conjecture

Let n2n\ge 2 point particles of masses m1m2mn>0m_1\ge m_2\ge\dots\ge m_n>0 move on the vertical half line q0q\ge 0, with positions 0q1q2qn0\le q_1\le q_2\le\dots\le q_n, under constant gravitational acceleration a=1a=-1. They collide elastically with one another and with the hard floor q=0q=0, and the total energy

H=i=1n(miqi+12mivi2)H=\sum_{i=1}^n \left(m_iq_i+\frac{1}{2}m_iv_i^2\right)

is fixed at H=1H=1. Let (M,{ψt},μ)\left(\mathbf{M},\{\psi^t\},\mu\right) be the resulting Hamiltonian flow with collisions, equipped with Liouville measure μ\mu. Wojtkowski's conjecture. If m1m2mn>0m_1\ge m_2\ge\dots\ge m_n>0 and m1mnm_1\ne m_n, then all but one characteristic (Lyapunov) exponents of the flow (M,{ψt},μ)\left(\mathbf{M},\{\psi^t\},\mu\right) are nonzero. Furthermore, the system is ergodic. The conjecture concerns the hyperbolicity and ergodicity of the falling-particle system. This paper is titled as a proof of the conjecture, but the supplied context does not include the paper's proof or a resolution statement, so its database status is left open pending verification.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nandor Simanyi, “Proof of Wojtkowski's Falling Particle Conjecture”, arXiv:2407.12033 (2024).

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