The diagonal recurrence conjecture for Betti numbers of squared-path cut complexes

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Let PnP_n be the path graph on nn vertices, let Pn2P_n^2 denote its square, and let βk(k+r)\beta_k(k+r) be the unique nonzero Betti number of the (r−1)(r-1)-dimensional shellable cut complex 4Δk(Pk+r2)44\Delta_k(P_{k+r}^2)4 for the squared path, where r≥3r\ge 3.

Diagonal recurrence conjecture. For each fixed r≥3r\ge 3 and k≥r+3k\ge r+3, these numbers satisfy

β(k,k+r)=(r1)β(k−1,k−1+r)−(r2)β(k−2,k−2+r)+⋯+(−1)r−1(rr)β(k−r,k−r+r).\beta(k,k+r)=\binom{r}{1}\beta(k-1,k-1+r)-\binom{r}{2}\beta(k-2,k-2+r)+\cdots+(-1)^{r-1}\binom{r}{r}\beta(k-r,k-r+r).

The known values are β(3,n)=(n−42)\beta(3,n)=\binom{n-4}{2}, β(k,k+2)=0\beta(k,k+2)=0, and β(k,k+3)=(k−12)\beta(k,k+3)=\binom{k-1}{2} for k≥3k\ge 3. The first diagonal is already accounted for, while subsequent diagonals agree with identified integer sequences; the recurrence remains conjectural in general.

References

Primary source

Margaret Bayer, Mark Denker, Marija Jelić Milutinović, Sheila Sundaram and Lei Xue, “Topology of Cut Complexes II”, arXiv:2407.08158 (2024).

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