Sun's finiteness conjecture for exceptional determinant primes

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Let mm be a positive odd integer, and define

E2(m)={p:p is a prime with 4∣p−1 and p∣Sm+p−12,2(−1,p)}.E_2(m)=\{p:p\text{ is a prime with }4\mid p-1\text{ and }p\mid S_{m+\frac{p-1}{2},2}(-1,p)\}.

Here Sn,2(d,p)S_{n,2}(d,p) is the determinant considered in the paper. Sun's finiteness conjecture. For every positive odd integer mm, the set E2(m)E_2(m) is finite. In particular,

E2(5)={29},E2(7)={13,53},E2(9)={13,17,29},E_2(5)=\{29\},\quad E_2(7)=\{13,53\},\quad E_2(9)=\{13,17,29\}, E2(11)={17,29},E2(13)={17,109,401}.E_2(11)=\{17,29\},\quad E_2(13)=\{17,109,401\}.

The displayed finite sets were supplied by Sun from calculations for primes below 10001000. The general finiteness assertion remains unresolved according to the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Rituparna Chaliha and Gautam Kalita, “On some conjectural determinants of Sun involving residues”, arXiv:2407.07085 (2024).

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