Total nonnegativity of the permanental analogue of the Sihong polynomial

From papers

Let xx be a matrix of indeterminates, and for n1n\geq 1 set

I=[2n]2Z,J=[2n]2Z.I=[2n]\smallsetminus 2\mathbb Z,\qquad J=[2n]\cap 2\mathbb Z.

For index sets AA and BB, write xA,Bx_{A,B} for the corresponding submatrix and per(xA,B)\operatorname{per}(x_{A,B}) for its permanent. A polynomial is totally nonnegative if it evaluates to a nonnegative real number on every totally positive matrix. The polynomial in question is

per(x[n],[n])per(x[n+1,2n],[n+1,2n])per(xI,I)per(xJ,J).\operatorname{per}(x_{[n],[n]})\operatorname{per}(x_{[n+1,2n],[n+1,2n]})-\operatorname{per}(x_{I,I})\operatorname{per}(x_{J,J}).

Permanental Sihong polynomial conjecture. The polynomial above is totally nonnegative for all nn. This would provide a permanental analogue of the known totally nonnegative determinant polynomial obtained by replacing the permanents with determinants and reversing the order of the two products. The claim is established in the source for small values of nn, while its validity for all nn is left as a future direction.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Mark Skandera and Daniel Soskin, “Permanental inequalities for totally positive matrices”, arXiv:2406.00963 (2024).

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