Maximal-operator duality for weighted Morrey and block spaces

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Let 1<p≤q<∞1<p\leq q<\infty, let ww be a weight, and let MM denote the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator. Define the weighted Morrey and block spaces by

∥f∥Mwp,q(Rd):=∥fw∥Mp,q(Rd),∥g∥Bw−1p′,q′(Rd):=∥gw−1∥Bp′,q′(Rd).\|f\|_{M_w^{p,q}({\mathbf R}^d)}:=\|fw\|_{M^{p,q}({\mathbf R}^d)},\qquad \|g\|_{B_{w^{-1}}^{p',q'}({\mathbf R}^d)}:=\|gw^{-1}\|_{B^{p',q'}({\mathbf R}^d)}.

Morrey–block duality conjecture. If

M:Bw−1p′,q′(Rd)→Bw−1p′,q′(Rd),M:B_{w^{-1}}^{p',q'}({\mathbf R}^d)\to B_{w^{-1}}^{p',q'}({\mathbf R}^d),

then

M:Mwp,q(Rd)→Mwp,q(Rd).M:M_w^{p,q}({\mathbf R}^d)\to M_w^{p,q}({\mathbf R}^d).

This is the Morrey-space form of the one-sided maximal-operator duality question, using the Köthe duality between weighted Morrey and block spaces. The source explicitly states that the converse implication is false, so the asserted implication itself remains unresolved.

References

Primary source

Zoe Nieraeth, “The Muckenhoupt condition”, arXiv:2405.20907 (2025).

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