Faught–Nordhaus–Gaddum spectral-gap sum conjecture

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Let GG be a graph on nn vertices, and let G‾\overline{G} denote its complement. Assume that both GG and G‾\overline{G} are connected; Gap⁡(G)\operatorname{Gap}(G) denotes the difference between the two largest eigenvalues of the transition probability matrix of the random walk on GG. Faught–Nordhaus–Gaddum sum conjecture.

Gap⁡(G)+Gap⁡(G‾)≥2n.\operatorname{Gap}(G)+\operatorname{Gap}(\overline{G}) \ge \frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}.

This is a sum version of the Nordhaus–Gaddum problem for spectral gaps, under the connectivity hypotheses that make both gaps applicable. Its resolution status is not specified in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Sooyeong Kim and Neal Madras, “A Nordhaus–Gaddum problem for the spectral gap of a graph”, arXiv:2404.15167 (2024).

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