Scaling-limit factorization conjecture for the non-integrable Ising model

Let UU be the interaction appearing in the Hamiltonian, let β\beta^* be an inverse temperature, and let β(λ)\beta^*(\lambda) and x=e2βJx^*=e^{-2\beta^*J} be as below. For a finite domain ΩV\Omega\subset\mathcal{V}^{\scriptscriptstyle{\color{gray}\bullet}}, let ξ=(h1,h2,,h2N)\xi=(h_1,h_2,\ldots,h_{2N}) be a collection of vertices in the relevant clustered-vertex set, and let PoP_o be associated external boundary conditions. Let xc=21x_c=\sqrt{2}-1, and let Ω,xc+\langle\cdot\rangle_{\Omega,x_c}^{+} denote the critical Ising Berezin measure. There exists a collection of real numbers {ζΩ,λPo(h)hVCΩ}\{\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o}(h)\mid h\in\mathscr{V}_C\Omega\} and a remainder RΩ,x,β,λPo(ξ)R_{\Omega,x^*,\beta^*,\lambda}^{P_o}(\xi) such that

Scaling-limit factorization conjecture. There exists λ0=λ0(U)>0\lambda_0=\lambda_0(U)>0 such that, for all λλ0|\lambda|\leq\lambda_0, there exists β=β(λ)\beta^*=\beta^*(\lambda) for which, for every such Ω\Omega, ξ\xi, and PoP_o,

φh1φh2φh2NΩ,x,β,λPo=ζΩ,λPo(h1)ζΩ,λPo(h2N)φh1φh2φh2NΩ,xc++RΩ,x,β,λPo(ξ).\big\langle \varphi_{h_1}\varphi_{h_2}\cdots\varphi_{h_{2N}}\big\rangle_{\Omega,x^*,\beta^*,\lambda}^{P_o}=\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o}(h_1)\cdots\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o}(h_{2N})\big\langle \varphi_{h_1}\varphi_{h_2}\cdots\varphi_{h_{2N}}\big\rangle_{\Omega,x_c}^{+}+R_{\Omega,x^*,\beta^*,\lambda}^{P_o}(\xi).

The factors ζΩ,λPo\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o} are uniformly bounded, and there are constants θ>0\theta>0 and ζbulk,λR\zeta_{\mathrm{bulk},\lambda}\in\mathbb{R} such that

ζΩ,λPo(h)=ζbulk,λ+O((dist(h,Ω))θ)\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o}(h)=\zeta_{\mathrm{bulk},\lambda}+O\big((\operatorname{dist}(h,\partial\Omega))^{-\theta}\big)

uniformly on Ω\Omega and PoP_o for sufficiently large distance to the boundary. For two different domains Ω\Omega and Ω\Omega' with boundary conditions PoP_o and PoP_o', respectively,

ζΩ,λPo(h)ζΩ,λPo(h)=O((dist(h,ΩΩ))θ)+O((dist(h,PoPo))θ),\zeta_{\Omega,\lambda}^{P_o}(h)-\zeta_{\Omega',\lambda}^{P_o'}(h)=O\big((\operatorname{dist}(h,\Omega\triangle\Omega'))^{-\theta}\big)+O\big((\operatorname{dist}(h,P_o\triangle P_o'))^{-\theta}\big),

and

RΩ,x,β,λPo(ξ)=O(min1ij2Nhihj1θ)R_{\Omega,x^*,\beta^*,\lambda}^{P_o}(\xi)=O\left(\min_{1\leq i\neq j\leq 2N}|h_i-h_j|^{-1-\theta}\right)

uniformly on Ω\Omega and PoP_o. The conjecture proposes that the interacting non-integrable model has the same scaling-limit correlations as the critical isotropic square-lattice Ising model, up to local multiplicative renormalization factors and a controlled remainder. Establishing this would yield locally uniform convergence of the martingale observable to the planar Ising scaling limit.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Rafael L. Greenblatt and Eveliina Peltola, “On the spin interface distribution for non-integrable variants of the two-dimensional Ising model”, arXiv:2404.12375 (2024).

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