Behrend–Fischer–Koutschan symmetry conjecture for off-diagonally symmetric ASMs

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Let OSASM(2n)\text{OSASM}(2n) denote the set of off-diagonally symmetric alternating sign matrices of order 2n2n. For X∈OSASM(2n)X\in\text{OSASM}(2n), let R(X)\mathsf{R}(X) be the number of nonzero strictly upper-triangular entries and let T(X)\mathsf{T}(X) be the column containing the 11 in the first row. Define

S(2n;ρ,τ)={X∈OSASM(2n):R(X)=ρ,T(X)=τ}.S(2n;\rho,\tau)=\{X\in\text{OSASM}(2n):\mathsf{R}(X)=\rho,\mathsf{T}(X)=\tau\}.

Behrend–Fischer–Koutschan symmetry conjecture. Given nn, for any ρ\rho and τ\tau, we have

∣S(2n;ρ,τ)∣=∣S(2n;ρ,2n+2−τ)∣.|S(2n;\rho,\tau)|=|S(2n;\rho,2n+2-\tau)|.

This conjecture asserts a reflection symmetry in the refined enumeration of off-diagonally symmetric alternating sign matrices according to the number of nonzero strictly upper-triangular entries and the position of the first-row 11. Its resolution is not indicated in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Yi-Lin Lee, “Off-diagonally symmetric domino tilings of the Aztec diamond of odd order”, arXiv:2404.09057 (2024).

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