The positivity conjecture for normalized Macdonald structure coefficients

Let gμ,νπ(α,γ)\boldsymbol{g}^\pi_{\mu,\nu}(\alpha,\gamma) be the Macdonald structure coefficients introduced in the paper, let b:=α1b:=\alpha-1, and define

f(n1,n2,k):=(Mm)(M+mk)+m(m1)(kM)(kM1),f(n_1,n_2,k):=(M-m)(M+m-k)+m(m-1)-(k-M)(k-M-1),

where M=max(n1,n2)M=\max(n_1,n_2) and m=min(n1,n2)m=\min(n_1,n_2). For partitions π,μ,ν\pi,\mu,\nu, use the coefficients gμ,νπ\boldsymbol{g}^\pi_{\mu,\nu} and the partition-size parameters in this function.

The positivity conjecture. Let π,μ,ν\pi,\mu,\nu be three partitions. Then

(1+γ)f(μ,ν,π)zμzνgμ,νπ(1+\gamma)^{f(|\mu|,|\nu|,|\pi|)}z_\mu z_\nu\boldsymbol{g}^\pi_{\mu,\nu}

is a polynomial in b:=α1b:=\alpha-1 and γ\gamma with non-negative integer coefficients. The supplied text gives no resolution evidence for this conjecture.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Houcine Ben Dali and Michele D'Adderio, “Macdonald characters from a new formula for Macdonald polynomials”, arXiv:2404.03904 (2026).

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