The square power partition function inequality conjecture

From papers

Let pk(n)p^k(n) denote the number of partitions of nn into perfect kk-th powers. In particular, p2(n)p^2(n) is the square power partition function, and let a,ba,b be positive integers.

Square power partition function inequality conjecture. The inequality

p2(a)p2(b)p2(a+b)p^2(a)p^2(b)\geq p^2(a+b)

has equality and failure exactly in the instances listed in the source's table: equality for a=1a=1, b=1,2,4,5,6,9,10,13,14,18,22b=1,2,4,5,6,9,10,13,14,18,22; a=2a=2, b=4,5,9,13b=4,5,9,13; a=3a=3, b=4b=4; a=4a=4, b=5,6,7b=5,6,7; a=5a=5, b=5,6,8,11,15b=5,6,8,11,15; a=6a=6, b=8,10,12,14b=8,10,12,14; and a=7a=7, b=8,9,12,13,19b=8,9,12,13,19, with the listed complementary instances of failure.

The claim refines the eventual multiplicative inequality for restricted partition functions by identifying its exceptional small-index behavior. The source gives no resolution beyond presenting these instances as a conjectural pattern.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Arindam Roy, “Log-concavity And The Multiplicative Properties of Restricted Partition Functions”, arXiv:2404.03153 (2025).

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