Ashbaugh–Benguria-type ratio conjecture for Dirac eigenvalues

Let ΩR2\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^2 be open and bounded, and let λ1(Ω)\lambda_1(\Omega) and λ2(Ω)\lambda_2(\Omega) denote the first two eigenvalues of the Dirac operator with infinite mass boundary conditions on Ω\Omega.

Ashbaugh–Benguria-type conjecture. The disk is a solution of the maximisation problem

max{λ2(Ω)λ1(Ω): ΩR2 open and bounded}.\max\left\{\frac{\lambda_2(\Omega)}{\lambda_1(\Omega)}:\ \Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^2\ \text{open and bounded}\right\}.

The claim is motivated by the Ashbaugh–Benguria result for the Dirichlet Laplacian. The paper reports numerical maxima close to the disk values for the tested masses m=1m=1 and m=5m=5, but no proof is provided.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Pedro R. S. Antunes, Francisco Bento and David Krejcirik, “Numerical optimisation of Dirac eigenvalues”, arXiv:2403.18556 (2024).

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